Contents Preface Versions and Supplements Maps and Figures Introduction for Students Chapter 1. From Africa to America, 1441-1808 Opening Vignette: Prince Henry''s African Captives African Origins The History of West Africa Slavery in West Africa The Rise of the Transatlantic Slave Trade Europe in the Age of the Slave Trade The Enslavement of Indigenous Peoples The First Africans in the Americas The Business of Slave Trading The Long Middle Passage Capture and Confinement On the Slave Coast Inside the Slave Ship Hardship and Misery On Board Conclusion: The Slave Trade''s Diaspora Chapter Review Document Project: Firsthand Accounts of the Slave Trade Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, 1789 - Belinda, The Petition of Belinda - James Barbot Jr., General Observations on the Management of Slaves, 1700 * A Slave in Revolt Alexander Falconbridge, An Account of the Slave Trade on the Coast of Africa , 1788 - The Brig Sally''s Log Notes Suggested References Chapter 2. African Slavery in North America, 1619-1739 Opening Vignette: "20 and Odd Negroes:" The Story of Virginia''s First African Americans Slavery and Freedom in Early English North America Settlers, Servants, and Slaves in the Chesapeake The Expansion of Slavery in the Chesapeake The Creation of the Carolinas Africans in New England Slavery in the Middle Atlantic Colonies Slavery and Half-Freedom in New Netherland Slavery in England''s Middle Colonies Frontiers and Forced Labor Slavery in French Louisiana Black Society in Spanish Florida Slavery and Servitude in Early Georgia The Stono Rebellion Conclusion: Regional Variations of Early American Slavery Chapter Review Document Project: Making Slaves The Codification of Slavery and Race in Seventeenth-Century Virginia, 1630-1680 * The Massachusetts Body of Liberties - An Act for Regulating of Slaves in New Jersey , 1713-1714 * The South Carolina Slave Code , 1740 - Samuel Sewall, The Selling of Joseph (1700) - The Code Noir Notes Suggested References Chapter 3. African Americans in the Age of Revolution, 1740-1783 Opening Vignette: The New York Slave Plot of 1741 African American Life in Eighteenth-Century North America Slaves and Free Blacks across the Colonies Shaping an African American Culture The Slaves'' Great Awakening The African American Revolution The Road to Independence Black Patriots Black Loyalists Slaves, Soldiers, and the Outcome of the Revolution American Victory, British Defeat The Fate of Black Loyalists Closer to Freedom Conclusion: The American Revolution''s Mixed Results for Blacks Chapter Review Document Project: Black Freedom Fighters Phillis Wheatley, A Poem to the Earl of Dartmouth , 1772 * Phillis Wheatley, Letter to the Reverend Samson Occom , 1774 * Lemuel Haynes, Liberty Further Extended , 1776 * Jean Baptiste Antoine de Verge, "American Soldiers" * Boston King, Memoirs of a Black Loyalist, 1798 * The Death of Major Peirson Notes Suggested References Chapter 4. Slavery and Freedom in the New Republic, 1783-1829 Opening Vignette: Benjamin Banneker and the Limits to Freedom in the New Nation The Limits of Democracy The Status of Slavery in the New Nation Slavery''s Cotton Frontiers Slavery and Empire Slavery and Freedom outside the Plantation South Urban Slavery and Southern Free Blacks Gabriel''s Rebellion Achieving Emancipation in the North Free Black Life in the New Republic Free Black Organizations Free Black Education and Employment White Hostility The Colonization Debate Conclusion: African American Freedom in Black and White Chapter Review DOCUMENT Project: Free Black Activism Absalom Jones and Others, Petition to Congress on the Fugitive Slave Act , 1799 * Letters From a Man of Color * Sentiments of the People of Color , 1817 * Freedom''s Journal * Kidnapping of an African-American Mother and Child * Bobalition Broadside, 1825 Notes Suggested References Chapter 5. Black Life in the Slave South, 1820-1860 Opening Vignette: William Wells Brown and Growing Up in the Slave South The Expansion and Consolidation of Slavery 212 Slavery, Cotton, and American Industrialization 213 The Missouri Compromise Crisis 215 Slavery Expands into Indian Territory 216 The Domestic Slave Trade 218 Black Challenges to Slavery 220 Denmark Vesey''s Plot 221 David Walker''s Exile 222 Nat Turner''s Rebellion, the Amistad Case, and the Creole Insurrection 225 Everyday Resistance to Slavery 227 Disobedience and Defiance 227 Runaways Who Escaped from Slavery 229 Survival, Community, and Culture 232 Slave Religion 233 Gender, Age, and Work 235 Marriage and Family 237 Conclusion: Surviving Slavery Chapter Review Document Project: Slave Testimony James Curry, Narrative of James Curry, A Fugitive Slave * Lewis Clarke, Questions and Answers about Slavery (1845) * Mary Reynolds, The Days of Slavery, 1937 Notes Suggested References Chapter 6. The Northern Black Freedom Struggle and the Coming of the Civil War, 1830-1860 Opening Vignette: Mary Ann Shadd and the Black Liberation Struggle Before the Civil War The Boundaries of Freedom Racial Discrimination in the Era of the Common Man The Growth of Free Black Communities in the North Black Self-Help in an Era of Moral Reform Forging a Black Freedom Struggle Building a National Black Community: The Black Convention Movement and the Black Press Growing Black Activism in Literature, Politics, and the Justice System Abolitionism: Moral Suasion, Political Action, Race, and Gender Slavery and the Coming of the Civil War Westward Expansion and Slavery in the Territories The Fugitive Slave Crisis and Civil Disobedience Confrontations in "Bleeding Kansas" and the Courts Emigration and John Brown''s Raid at Harper''s Ferry Conclusion: Whose Country Is It? Chapter Review DOCUMENT Project: Forging an African American Nation -- Slave and Free; North and South Sarah Mapps Douglass, To Make the Slaves'' Cause Our Own, 1832 * Henry Highland Garnet, An Address to the Slaves of the United States of America, 1843- Frederick Douglass, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?, 1852 - Escaping Slavery via the Underground Railroad - Dred and Harriet Scott - "Jim Crow" Notes Suggested References Chapter 7.

Freedom Rising: The Civil War, 1861-1865 Opening Vignette: Robert Smalls and the African American Freedom Movement during the Civil War The Coming of War and the Seizing of Freedom, 1861-1862 War Aims and Battlefield Realities Union Policy on Black Soldiers and Black Freedom Refugee Slaves and Freedpeople Turning Points, 1862-1863 The Emancipation Proclamation The U.S. Colored Troops African Americans in the Major Battles of 1863 Home Fronts and War''s End, 1863-1865 Riots and Restoration of the Union Black Civilians at Work for the War Union Victory, Slave Emancipation, and the Renewed Struggle for Equality Conclusion: Emancipation and Equality Chapter Review Document Project: Wartime and Emancipation Alfred M. Green, Let Us . Take Up the Sword , 1861 * Isaiah C. Wears, The Evil Injustice of Colonization , 1862 * Susie King Taylor, Reminiscences of My Life in Camp , 1902 Notes Suggested References Chapter 8. Reconstruction: The Making and Unmaking of a Revolution, 1865-1885 Opening Vignette: Jourdan and Mandy Anderson Find Security in Freedom after Slavery A Social Revolution 378 Freedom and Family 378 Church and Community 381 Land and Labor 384 The Hope of Education 386 A Short-Lived Political Revolution 390 The Political Contest over Reconstruction 390 Black Reconstruction 393 The Defeat of Reconstruction 397 Opportunities and Limits outside the South 400 Autonomy in the West 400 The Right to Work for Fair Wages 403 The Struggle for Equal Rights 405 Conclusion: Revolutions and Reversals Chapter Review Document Project: The Vote Sojourner Truth, Equal Voting Rights , 1867 * Proceedings of the American Equal Rights Association, A Debate: Negro Male Suffrage vs. Woman Suffrage, 1869 * Mary Ann Shadd Cary, Woman''s Right to Vote , early 1870s Notes Suggested References Chapter 9.

Black Life and Culture During the Nadir, 1880-1915 Opening Vignette: Ida B. Wells: Creating Hope and Community Amidst Extreme Repression Racism and Black Challenges Racial Segregation Ideologies of White Supremacy Disfranchisement and Political Activism Lynching and the Campaign against It Freedom''s First Generation Black Women and Men in the Era of Jim Crow Black Communities in the Cities of.