GENERAL INTRODUCTION.Cycling of Natural Elements in Natural Ecosystems. Cycling of Persistent Toxic Substances (PTS) Due to Human Activities. Degradation of Natural Resources - Soil and Water. EXPOSURE PATHWAYS AND HEALTH RISKS OF PTS. Monitoring of PTS: Heavy Metals, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), and Emerging Chemicals of Concern (ECC). Health Risk Assessment of PTS: Exposure Pathways of Different PTS. SOURCES, FATES AND EFFECTS OF PTS.

Arsenic - the Case of Rice. Mercury - the Case of Fish. Fluoride - the Case of Tea. DDT - the Case of Bird. Endocrine Disrupters - the Case of Sex Change in Wildlife. Antibiotics - the Case of Bacteria Resistance. Outdoor and Indoor Air Pollutants - the Case of PM2.5.

Open Burning - the Cases of Mixed PTS Emitted Through Burning of Electronic Waste and Biomass. HEALTH IMPACTS DUE TO FOOD CONTAMINATION. Autism in Children and Heavy Metal Overload (the Case of Mercury in Fish). Human Infertility and Environmental Toxins (the Case of Endocrine Disrupters). Kidney Disease and Consumption of Crops Containing High Cadmium Levels (the Case of Cadmium in Fertilizers). Adverse Child Health Due to Food Adulteration (the Case of Melamine in Infant Milk Powder). POLICY AND INTERVENTION. Laws and Regulations.

Sustainable Agriculture/Aquaculture - Safe and Quality Food Production. Future Prospects.