This book presents an English translation of King Alfonso X of Castile-León's municipal law code, a companion to his monumental Siete Partidas . Known as El Rey Sabio ("the Learned King"), Alfonso X (1252-1284) was one of the most influential legislators of medieval Europe. While the Siete Partidas codified the laws of the entire realm, the Fuero real --intended for the towns of Castile and Extremadura--sought to replace diverse local customs with a unified legal framework. Comprising four books, it addresses the Catholic faith and the rights of the Church; the king and his authority; laws and the administration of justice; marriage and inheritance; buying and selling; heretics; Jews; and criminal acts. Medieval history professor Joseph F. O'Callaghan's translation, based on Gonzalo Martínez Díez's critical edition, offers scholars and students alike a vital resource for understanding the social, religious, and political dimensions of thirteenth-century Spain. By making this key text accessible in English, The Fuero Real broadens our view of medieval municipal law and deepens appreciation of Alfonso's lasting legal legacy in Spain and beyond.