Twenty years after Nelson Mandela commissioned the first HIV household survey in South Africa, this latest data collection undertaken by the Human Sciences Research Council and its partners surveys 93,000 households and gathers 65,000 blood specimens to gain strategic insight into the progression of the HIV epidemic. Notably, the survey: * Shows HIV prevalence in adults and children * Determines if HIV positive participants are taking antiviral medicine * Indicates viral load suppression in HIV-infected individuals * Estimates the numbers of individuals recently infected *Judges progress towards achievement of UNAIDS' 90-90-90 targets * Assesses levels of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) * Describes trends in HIV prevalence, incidence, and risk behavior at both national and provincial levels * Evaluates the relationship between social and behavior factors, intimate partner violence, and HIV infection In addition, the results of Covid-19 antibody testing is included, allowing some estimates of coinfection with HIV. The series of surveys continues to contribute crucially to innovations in scientific methodologies relating to data collection and analysis.