SECTION 1: Conditions caused by Thyroid Damage Chapter 1: Screening for Thyroid Disease in Early Pregnancy and in Pre-Pregnancy Chapter 2: Subclinical Hypothyroidism Chapter 3: Management of Thyroxine in Non-Ablated Patients with Hypothyroidism Chapter 4: Optimal Thyroid Replacement for the Athyreotic Patient SECTION 2: Conditions Causing Thyroid Overactivity Chapter 5: Antithyroid Drugs vs. Ablation in Community Treatment for Graves' Disease Chapter 6: Optimum Use of Antithyroid Drugs in Hyperthyroidism Chapter 7: Risks of I-131 Treatment of Hyperthyroidism Chapter 8: Hyperthyroidism caused by Amiodarone (AIT) SECTION 3: Focal and Structural Thyroid Disease Chapter 9: Selection of Thyroid Nodules to be Biopsied Chapter 10: Selection of Patients over 45 for Thyroid Biopsy Chapter 11: Molecular Genomic Testing (MGT) for Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Chapter 12: Complication Rate(s) from Thyroidectomy Chapter 13: Ablation Techniques for Benign or Hot Nodules Chapter 14: Microscopic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (mPTC) and Active Surveillance (AS) Chapter 15: Optimal Work-up and Surgery for a small, non-metastatic DTCA Chapter 16: I-131 Treatment for DTCA SECTION 4: Parathyroid Diseases Chapter 17: Active Surveillance and/or Medical Therapy for Hyperparathyroidism in Older Patients Chapter 18: Preoperative Localization of Sporadic Primary Hyperparathyroidism Chapter 19: Quality of Life after Surgery for Mild/Moderate Sporadic Primary Hyperparathyroidism Chapter 20: Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, Idiopathic Hypercalciuria, and Bone Density Chapter 21: Recurrent and/or Persistent Primary Hyperparathyroidism SECTION 5: Metabolic Bone Disease Chapter 22: Calcium and Vitamin D Effects on Bone Mass Chapter 23: Fracture Prevention in Patients with Low Bone Mass Chapter 24: Pretreatment Evaluation for Osteoporosis Chapter 25: Evaluation of Fracture Risk in Osteoporosis Chapter 26: Osteoporosis and Hip Fracture Prevention Chapter 27: Alendronate and Fracture Risk Reduction Chapter 28: Hip Fracture in the Elderly with Very Low Bone Density Chapter 29: Anabolic Agent(s) for Osteoporosis Chapter 30: Glucocorticoid Osteoporosis Chapter 31: Osteoporosis in Men SECTION 6: Adrenal Conditions Chapter 32: The Importance of Recognizing Hyperaldosteronism Chapter 33: Effectiveness of Treatment of Hyperaldosteronism Chapter 34: Screening for Adrenal Insufficiency Chapter 35: Adrenal Incidentalomas Chapter 36: Opioid-Induced Endocrine Deficiencies Chapter 37: Adrenal Insufficiency from Corticosteroid Treatment Chapter 38: Optimal Testing for ACTH-Dependent Hypercortisolism SECTION 7: Pituitary Tumors / Hypercortisolism Chapter 39: Duration of Medical Treatment of Intrasellar Prolactinomas Chapter 40: Acromegaly Treatment-Surgery, Medication, or What? Chapter 41: Primary Treatment of Pituitary Hypercortisolism Chapter 42: Treatment of Recurrent or Persistent Hypercortisolism SECTION 8: Conditions Caused by Testosterone Deficiency Chapter 43: Risks of Testosterone Treatment in Older Men Chapter 44: Male Obesity Secondary Hypogonadism (MOSH) SECTION 9: Conditions Related to Estrogen Deficiency Chapter 45: Estrogen Treatment and Cardiovascular Health Chapter 46: Estrogen Treatment and Skeletal Health Chapter 47: Estrogen + Progestin vs. Estrogen Alone, and Neoplasia SECTION 10: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Chapter 48: Optimal Differential Diagnosis of PCOS Chapter 49: Optimal Treatment of Hirsutism in PCOS Chapter 50: Treatment of Subfertility in PCOS.