VOLUME 1 SECTION: NORMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 1 Embryology of the Kidney 2 Anatomy of the Kidney 3 Renal Circulation and Glomerular Filtration 4 Glomerular Cell Biology and Podocytopathies 5 Kidney Metabolism 6 Transport of Sodium, Chloride, and Potassium 7 Transport of Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate 8 Renal Handling of Organic Solutes 9 Renal Acidification Mechanisms 10 Urine Concentration and Dilution 11 Vasoactive Molecules and the Kidney 12 Aldosterone and Mineralocorticoid Receptors: Renal and Extrarenal Roles SECTION II DISORDERS OF BODY FLUID VOLUME AND COMPOSITION 13 Disorders of Sodium Balance 14 Disorders of Water Balance 15 Disorders of Acid-Base Balance 16 Disorders of Potassium Balance 17 Disorders of Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate Balance SECTION III EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS IN KIDNEY DISEASE 18 Epidemiology of Kidney Disease 19 Risk Prediction in Chronic Kidney Disease 20 Early Life Origins of Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease 21 The Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Kidneys in Aging 22 Sex and Gender in Kidney Health and Disease SECTION IV EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT WITH KIDNEY DISEASE 23 Laboratory Assessment of Kidney Disease: Glomerular Filtration Rate, Proteinuria, and Urinalysis 24 Diagnostic Kidney Imaging 25 The Renal Biopsy 26 Point-of-Care Ultrasound SECTION V DISORDERS OF KIDNEY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 27 Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury 28 Prevention and Management of Acute Kidney Injury 29 Pathophysiology of Proteinuria 30 Nephrotic Syndrome: Primary and Secondary 31 Lupus Nephritis and Other Kidney Manifestations of Systemic Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases 32 Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis and Antiglomerular Basement Membrane Disease 33 IgA Nephropathy and IgA Vasculitis 34 Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis 35 Kidney Lesions Associated With Dysproteinemias 36 Complement-Mediated Kidney Diseases 37 Tubulointerstitial Diseases 38 Urinary Tract Infection in Adults 39 Urinary Tract Obstruction 40 Nephrolithiasis 41 Diabetic Kidney Disease 42 Cardiovascular Disease in Persons With Chronic Kidney Disease 43 Kidney Cancer VOLUME 2 SECTION VI GENETICS OF KIDNEY DISEASE 44 Genetics of Kidney Disease 45 Cystic Kidney Diseases SECTION VII HYPERTENSION AND THE KIDNEY 46 Primary and Secondary Hypertension 47 Renovascular Hypertension and Ischemic Nephropathy 48 Antihypertensive Therapy 49 Diuretics SECTION VIII CONSEQUENCES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 50 Mechanisms of Progression in Chronic Kidney Disease 51 The Pathophysiology of Uremia 52 Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disorder 53 Hematologic Aspects of Kidney Disease SECTION IX MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 54 Classification and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease 55 Dietary Approaches to Kidney Diseases 56 Drug Dosing Considerations in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease 57 Onconephrology: Kidney Disease and Cancer 58 Pregnancy and Kidney Disease 59 Infectious Diseases and the Kidney 60 Care of the Older Adult With Chronic Kidney Disease 61 Kidney Supportive Care in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease SECTION X DIALYSIS AND EXTRACORPOREAL THERAPIES 62 Hemodialysis 63 Peritoneal Dialysis 64 Critical Care Nephrology 65 Therapeutic Plasma Exchange and Other Extracorporeal Treatments in Management of Kidney and Related Diseases 66 Enhanced Elimination of Poisons 67 Interventional Nephrology: Managing Dialysis Access and Kidney Biopsy SECTION XI KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION 68 The Immunobiology of Transplantation 69 Clinical Management of the Adult Kidney Transplant Recipient 70 Considerations in Living Kidney Donation SECTION XII PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY 71 Childhood Kidney Disease 72 Kidney Replacement Therapy (Dialysis and Transplantation) in Children SECTION XIII GLOBAL CONSIDERATIONS IN KIDNEY DISEASE 73 Global Challenges and Progress in Kidney Health 74 Global Considerations in Kidney Disease: Latin America 75 Global Considerations in Kidney Disease: Africa 76 Global Considerations in Kidney Disease: Near and Middle East 77 Global Considerations in Kidney Disease: Indian Subcontinent 78 Global Considerations in Kidney Disease: The Far East 79 Global Considerations in Kidney Disease: The Pacific Islands and Islands of the Caribbean SECTION XIV CHALLENGES IN NEPHROLOGY 80 Ethical Dilemmas Facing Nephrology 81 Health Disparities in Nephrology 82 Disaster Nephrology 83 Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology 84 Stem Cells, Kidney Regeneration, and Gene and Cell Therapy in Nephrology.