Section 1. Introduction to microglial aging and its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases 1. The microglial aging process at cellular and molecular levels across its different layers of complexity 2. Involvement of microglial aging in neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on Alzheimer's disease 3. Involvement of microglial aging in neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on Parkinson's disease 4. Involvement of microglial aging in neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on multiple sclerosis 5. Involvement of microglial aging in neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6. Involvement of microglial aging in neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on vascular cognitive impairment and dementia Section 2.

Outcomes of the lifestyle on microglial aging and neurodegenerative diseases along the aging trajectory 7. Diet and the gut-brain axis 8. Sleep disturbances 9. Psychological stress 10. Bacterial and viral infections 11. Physical activity 12. Substance use Section 3. Emerging treatment strategies to rejuvenate microglia in aging and neurodegenerative diseases 13.

Ketogenic diets and supplements 14. Senolytic drugs 15. Cannabinoids 16. Psychedelics 17. Plasmalogens 18. Multi-modal lifestyle interventions.