Targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is emerging as an innovative approach for treating a wide range of cancers. Almost all radionuclides used in RPT emit photons that can be imaged, enabling non-invasive visualization of the therapeutic agent's biodistribution. The remarkable potential of radiopharmaceutical therapy is now being recognized with recent FDA approval of several RPT drugs and a significant number of drug candidates in clinical development. This book offers a comprehensive perspective on the different technologies and addresses the critical challenges in developing and commercializing radiopharmaceuticals. It covers various topics, from clinical applications to specific radiopharmaceutical biodistribution, dosimetry, and novel targets in oncology. The chapters provide a cohesive picture of the advances in SPECT/CT and PET/CT imaging, clinical trends in targeted therapies utilizing radioisotopes for cancer imaging, and clinical applications of radiotracers within oncology areas. It also delves into the manufacturing technologies and regulatory and supply logistics required to support the development of the next wave of targeted alpha therapies. This resource is ideal for postgraduates and researchers in drug discovery and development in radionuclide therapy and imaging in cancer, as well as medical professionals engaged in nuclear medicine and radiology.