PART I FOUNDATIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 1 Cardiovascular Disease: Past, Present, and Future 2 Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease 3 Impact of Climate Change and the Environment on Cardiovascular Health 4 Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine 5 Clinical Decision-Making in Cardiology 6 Impact of Health Care Policy on Quality, Outcomes, and Equity in Cardiovascular Disease PART II PERSONALIZED APPROACHES TO CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 7 Applications of Genetics to Cardiovascular Medicine 8 Principles of Drug Therapeutics, Pharmacogenomics, and Biologics 9 Biomarkers and Use in Precision Medicine 10 Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine PART III EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT 11 History, Physical Examination, and the Virtual Visit 12 Electrocardiography 13 Exercise Physiology and Exercise Testing 14 Echocardiography 15 Chest Radiography in Cardiovascular Disease 16 Nuclear Cardiology 17 Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging 18 Cardiac Computed Tomography 19 Coronary Angiography and Intravascular Imaging 20 Invasive Hemodynamic Diagnosis of Cardiac Disease 21 Anesthesia and Noncardiac Surgery in Patients With Heart Disease PART IV PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY 22 The Vascular Biology of Atherosclerosis 23 Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease 24 Systemic Hypertension: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment 25 Lipoprotein Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease 26 Cardiovascular Effects of Tobacco and Nicotine Products 27 Nutrition and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases 28 Obesity and Cardiovascular Health 29 Diabetes and the Cardiovascular System 30 Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation 31 Integrative Approaches to the Management of Patients With Heart Disease PART V ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 32 Approach to the Patient With Chest Pain 33 Coronary Blood Flow and Myocardial Ischemia 34 ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Pathophysiology and Clinical Evolution 35 ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Management 36 Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes 37 Stable Ischemic Heart Disease 38 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention 39 Diseases of the Aorta 40 Peripheral Artery Diseases 41 Treatment of Noncoronary Obstructive Vascular Disease 42 Prevention and Management of Ischemic Stroke PART VI ARRHYTHMIAS, SUDDEN DEATH, AND SYNCOPE 43 Approach to the Patient With Cardiac Arrhythmias 44 Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias 45 Genetics of Cardiac Arrhythmias 46 Therapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias 47 Supraventricular Tachycardias 48 Atrial Fibrillation 49 Ventricular Arrhythmias 50 Bradyarrhythmias and Atrioventricular Block 51 Pacemakers, Conduction System Pacing, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators 52 Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death 53 Hypotension and Syncope PART VII HEART FAILURE 54 Mechanisms of Cardiac Contraction and Relaxation 55 Pathophysiology of Heart Failure 56 Clinical Assessment of Heart Failure 57 Diagnosis and Management of Decompensated Heart Failure 58 Management of Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction 59 Heart Failure With Preserved or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction 60 The Dilated, Restrictive, and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies 61 Cardiac Amyloidosis 62 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 63 Myocarditis 64 Cardio-Oncology 65 Devices for Monitoring and Managing Heart Failure 66 Mechanical Circulatory Support 67 Cardiac Transplantation PART VIII DISEASES OF THE HEART VALVES 68 Aortic Valve Stenosis 69 Aortic Regurgitation 70 Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement 71 Mitral Stenosis 72 Mitral Regurgitation 73 Tricuspid, Pulmonic, and Multivalvular Disease 74 Transcatheter Therapies for Mitral and Tricuspid Valvular Heart Disease 75 Prosthetic Heart Valves 76 Infective Endocarditis 77 Rheumatic Fever PART IX DISEASES OF THE PERICARDIUM AND PULMONARY VASCULAR BED 78 Pericardial Diseases 79 Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis 80 Pulmonary Hypertension 81 Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiac Disease PART X CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN SELECT POPULATIONS 82 Endemic and Pandemic Viral Illnesses and Cardiovascular Disease: Influenza and COVID-19 83 Cardiovascular Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Individuals 84 Exercise and Sports Cardiology 85 Cardiovascular Disease in Women 86 Pregnancy and Heart Disease 87 Congenital Heart Disease in the Adolescent and Adult 88 Heart Disease in Various Populations 89 Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults 90 Cardiovascular Effects of Drugs and Toxins PART XI CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND DISORDERS OF OTHER SYSTEMS 91 Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Fibrinolysis, and Cardiovascular Disease 92 Endocrine Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease 93 Rheumatic Diseases and the Cardiovascular System 94 Tumors Affecting the Cardiovascular System 95 Psychiatric and Psychosocial Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease 96 Neuromuscular Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease 97 Interface Between Kidney, Metabolic, and Cardiovascular Diseases 98 Cardiovascular Manifestations of Autonomic Disorders.