UNIT I Pathophysiologic Processes 1 Introduction to Pathophysiology Framework for Pathophysiology Concepts of Normality in Health and Disease Epidemiology 2 Homeostasis Allostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors Homeostasis and Allostasis Stress as a Concept Neurohormonal Mediators of Stress and Adaptation Adaptation Coping and Illness UNIT II Cellular Function 3 Cell Structure and Function Plasma Membrane Organization of Cellular Compartments Cellular Metabolism Functions of the Plasma Membrane Intercellular Communication and Growth 4 Cell Injury Aging and Death Reversible Cell Injury Cellular Adaptation Irreversible Cell Injury Etiology of Cellular Injury Aging Somatic Death 5 Genome Structure Regulation and Tissue Differentiation Structure and Function of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Regulation of the Genome Differentiation of Tissues 6 Genetic and Developmental Disorders Principles of Inheritance Genetic Disorders Chromosomal Abnormalities Mendelian Single-Gene Disorders Nonmendelian Single-Gene Disorders Polygenic and Multifactorial Disorders Environmentally Induced Congenital Disorders Diagnosis Counseling and Gene Therapy 7 Neoplasia Benign Versus Malignant Growth Epidemiology and Cancer Risk Factors Genetic Mechanisms of Cancer Multistep Nature of Carcinogenesis Invasion and Metastasis Effects of Cancer On the Body Cancer Therapy UNIT III Defense 8 Infectious Processes Host-Microbe Relationship Transmission of Infection Types of Pathogenic Organisms 9 Inflammation and Immunity Components of the Immune System Epithelial Barriers Mononuclear Phagocyte System Lymphoid System Leukocytes Chemical Mediators of Immune Function Innate Defenses and Inflammation Inflammation Healing Inflammatory Exudates Systemic Manifestations of Inflammation Specific Adaptive Immunity Major Histocompatibility Complex Antigen Presentation By Major Histocompatibility Complex Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Immunity Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity Antibody Structure Passive and Active Immunity Integrated Function and Regulation of the Immune System Integrated Response to Microbial Antigen Integrated Response to Viral Antigen Regulation of Immune Function 10 Alterations in Immune Function Excessive Immune Responses Autoimmunity Hypersensitivity Deficient Immune Responses Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Secondary Immunodeficiency Disorders 11 Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells Classification of Hematologic Neoplasms Etiology of Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms General Principles of Management Myeloid Neoplasms Lymphoid Neoplasms 12 HIV Disease and Aids Epidemiology Etiology Pathogenesis Diagnostic Testing Monitoring the Progression of HIV Clinical Manifestations Treatment UNIT IV Oxygen Transport Blood Coagulation Blood Flow and Blood Pressure 13 Alterations in Oxygen Transport Composition of Blood Structure and Function of Red Blood Cells Gas Transport and Acid-Base Balance Anemia Anemia Related to Decreased Red Cell Production Anemia Related to Inherited Disorders of the Red Cell Anemia Related to Extrinsic Red Cell Destruction or Loss Polycythemia 14 Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation The Process of Hemostasis Evaluation of Hemostasis and Coagulation Vascular and Platelet Disorders Coagulation Disorders 15 Alterations in Blood Flow Organization of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems Principles of Flow Control of Flow General Mechanisms that Cause Altered Flow Alterations in Arterial Flow Alterations in Venous Flow Alterations in Lymphatic Flow 16 Alterations in Blood Pressure Arterial Blood Pressure Mechanisms of Blood Pressure Regulation Hypertension Low Blood Pressure UNIT V Cardiac Function 17 Cardiac Function Cardiovascular Anatomy Cardiac Cycle Coronary Circulation Cardiac Myocytes Molecular Basis of Contraction Cardiac Energy Metabolism Cardiac Electrophysiology Electrocardiography Determinants of Cardiac Output Endocrine Function of the Heart Tests of Cardiac Function 18 Alterations in Cardiac Function Coronary Heart Disease Endocardial and Valvular Diseases Myocardial Diseases Pericardial Diseases Congenital Heart Diseases 19 Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias Heart Failure Cardiac Dysrhythmias 20 Shock Pathogenesis of Shock Types of Shock Assessment and Hemodynamic Monitoring Complications of Shock UNIT VI Respiratory Function 21 Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange Functional Anatomy Ventilation Pulmonary Blood Flow Diffusion and Transport of Respiratory Gases Alterations in Pulmonary Function Diagnostic Tests Alterations in Pulmonary Vasculature Pulmonary Malignancies 22 Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders Obstruction From Conditions in the Wall of the Lumen Obstruction Related to Loss of Lung Parenchyma Obstruction of the Airway Lumen 23 Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders Lung Parenchyma Disorders Atelectatic Disorders Pleural Space Disorders Neuromuscular Chest Wall and Obesity Disorders Infection or Inflammation of the Lung UNIT VII Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis 24 Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances Body Fluid Homeostasis Fluid Imbalances Principles of Electrolyte Homeostasis Electrolyte Imbalances 25 Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances Linda Felver Acid-Base Homeostasis Acid-Base Imbalances UNIT VIII Renal and Bladder Function 26 Renal Function Renal Anatomy Overview of Nephron Structure and Function Regulation of Glomerular Filtration Transport Across Renal Tubules Regulation of Blood Volume and Osmolality Endocrine Functions Age-Related Changes in Renal Function Tests of Renal Structure and Function 27 Intrarenal Disorders Common Manifestations of Kidney Disease Congenital Abnormalities Neoplasms Infection Obstruction Glomerular Disorders (Glomerulopathies) 28 Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Acute Kidney Injury Chronic Kidney Disease Clinical Management 29 Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract Lower Urinary Tract Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Syndromes Neurogenic Bladder Congenital Disorders Neoplasms Inflammation and Infection Obstruction UNIT IX Genital and Reproductive Function 30 Male Genital and Reproductive Function Courtney Foss Anatomy Embryology Male Reproductive Physiology 31 Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function Disorders of the Penis and Male Urethra Disorders of the Scrotum and Testes Disorders of the Prostate 32 Female Genital and Reproductive Function Reproductive Structures Menstrual Cycle Breast Pregnancy Menopause 33 Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function Menstrual Disorders Alterations in Uterine Position and Pelvic Support Inflammation and Infection of the Female Reproductive Tract Benign Growths and Aberrant Tissue of the Female Reproductive Tract Cancer of the Female Genital Structures Disorders of Pregnancy Disorders of the Breast 34 Sexually Transmitted Infections Urethritis Cervicitis Salpingitis and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Diseases With Systemic Involvement Diseases With Localized Lesions Enteric Infections UNIT X Gastrointestinal Function 35 Gastrointestinal Function Structure and Organization of the Gastrointestinal Tract Gastrointestinal Motility Secretory Function Digestion and Absorption Gastrointestinal Function Across the Life Span 36 Gastrointestinal Disorders Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders Disorders of the Mouth and Esophagus Oral Infections Esophageal Disorders Alterations in the Integrity of the Gastrointestinal Tract Wall Inflammation of the Stomach and Intestines Inflammatory Bowel Disease Enterocolitis Alterations in Motility and Malabsorption of the Gastrointestinal Tract Motility Disorders Mucosal Malabsorption Disorders Malabsorption Disorders After Surgical Intervention Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract Esophageal Gastric and Small Intestinal Cancers Colonic Polyps and Colon Cancer Psychosocial Aspects of Gastrointestinal Disorders 37 Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas.