Proviosional Table of contents (October 2009) I PRELIMINARIES; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Subject of this book; 1.2 Notation; 2 Operations on tensors and their representations; 2.1 Cartesian bases; 2.2 Normal bases; 2.3 Gradients and derivatives; II SHELL EQUATIONS; 3 Rotations for 3D Cauchy continuum; 3.1 Polar decomposition of deformation gradient; 3.2 Rotation Constraint equation; 3.

3 Interpretation of rotation Q; 3.4 Rate form of RC equation ; 3.5 Rotations calculated from the RC equation; 4 3D formulations with rotations; 4.1 Governing equations; 4.2 4-F formulation for nominal stress; 4.3 3-F formulation for nominal stress; 4.4 3-F and 2-F formulations for Biot stress; 4.5 3-F and 2-F formulations for 2nd Piola-Kirchhoff stress; 4.

6 2-F formulation with unconstrained rotations; 5 Basic geometric definitions for shells; 5.1 Coordinates and position vect∨ 5.2 Basic geometric definitions; 5.3 Example: Geometrical description of cylinder; 6 Shells with Reissner kinematics and drilling rotation; 6.1 Kinematics; 6.2 Rotation Constraint for shells; 6.3 Shell strains; 6.4 Virtual work equation for shell; 6.

5 Local shell equations; 6.6 Enhanced shell kinematics; 7 Shell-type constitutive equations; 7.1 Constitutive equations for 3D shells; 7.2 Reduced shell constitutive equations; 7.3 Shear correction fact∨ III FINITE ROTATIONS FOR SHELLS; 8 Parametrization of finite rotations; 8.1 Basic properties of rotations; 8.2 Parametrization of rotations; 8.3 Composition of rotations; 9 Algorithmic schemes for finite rotations; 9.

1 Increments of rotation vectors in two tangent planes; 9.2 Variation of rotation tens∨ 9.3 Algorithmic schemes for finite rotations; 9.4 Angular velocity and acceleration; IV FOUR-NODE SHELL ELEMENTS; 10 Basic relations for 4-node shell elements; 10.1 Bilinear isoparametric approximations; 10.2 Geometry and bases of shell element ; 10.3 Jacobian matrices; 10.4 Deformation gradient, FTF and QTF products; 10.

5 Numerical integration of shell elements; 10.6 Newton method and tangent operat∨ 11 Plane 4-node elements (without drilling rotation); 11.1 Basic equations; 11.2 Displacement element Q4; 11.3 Solution of FE equations for problems with additional variables; 11.4 Enhanced strain elements based on potential energy; 11.5 Mixed Hellinger-Reissner and Hu-Washizu elements; 11.6 Modification of FTF product; 12 Plane 4-node elements with drilling rotation; 12.

1 Basic relations for drill RC equation; 12.2 Difficulties in approximation of drill RC; 12.3 Implementation of drill RC in finite elements; 12.4 EADG method for formulations with rotations; 12.5 Mixed HW and HR functionals with rotations; 12.6 2D+drill elements for bi-linear shape functions; 12.7 2D+drill elements for Allman shape functions; 12.8 Numerical tests; 13 Modification of transverse shear stiffness of shell element; 13.

1 Treatment of transverse shear stiffness of beams ; 13.2 Treatment of transverse shear stiffness of shell; 14 Warped 4-node shell element; 14.1 Definition of warpage ; 14.2 Warped element with modifications; 14.3 Substitute flat element and warpage correction; 14.4 Membrane locking of curved shell elements ; 14.5 Remarks on approximation of curved surfaces by 4-node elements ; V NUMERICAL EXAMPLES; 15 Numerical tests; 15.1 Characteristics of tested shell elements; 15.

2 Elementary and linear tests; 15.3 Nonlinear tests; References; Author index; Subject Index.