Contents1 Introduction to the Research Handbook on Digital Regulatory Agencies 1Martha Garcia-Murillo and Ian MacInnesPART I THE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A DIGITALREGULATORY AGENCY2 On the need for digital regulators 8Cary Coglianese3 A poor case for a "digital platform agency" 28Lawrence J. Spiwak4 Key functions of a digital regulatory agency 42Mark MacCarthy5 Economic challenges for competition policy and regulation in digitalmarkets 65Mark A. JamisonPART II REGULATION OF SPECIFIC DIGITAL AREAS6 Broadband network cost recovery: a global comparison of models 82Roslyn Layton7 Policy landscape: understanding the framework of IP interconnection inSouth Korea 98Dae Keun Cho8 IXPs and the telecommunications regulator: comparing approaches fromRussia, Brazil, and the US 118Patricia A. Vargas León9 A new frontier for AI use: the case of Latin America and Cloud data 134Silvia Elaluf-Calderwood10 Jurisdiction questions and coordination failures in space law and policy 154Robert Frieden11 EU and US cybersecurity institutions 173Morten Falch, Anders Hansen Henten and Iwona Maria Windekilde12 The European Health Data Space Board: challenges, opportunities, andexpectations 191Susana Navas NavarroPART III COUNTRY-LEVEL DIGITAL REGULATORY AGENCIES13 New Zealand's digital landscape: paving the way for effective AIregulation? 213Bronwyn Howell14 Japan's uniqueness on rulemaking of AI: an alternative for US and EUapproaches 234Toshiya Jitsuzumi15 The prospects for a digital regulator in South Africa 253Petrus Potgieter16 Building the framework for digital governance in Peru 267Roxana Barrantes and Piero Fernández-DávilaPART IV INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF DIGITAL REGULATORYAGENCIES17 The impact of US-China competition on AI governance 291Joshua P. Meltzer18 Future landscape for digital regulation in the Caribbean 309Kwesi L. Prescod19 Primary functions of digital agencies in Austria and Europe 330Georg Serentschy20 UN member states and the ITU: challenges and opportunities for digitalregulation, spectrum coordination, and space communications 346Mohamed El-Moghazi and Abdelmohsen Sheha21 Understanding digital regulation and governance 365Martha Garcia-Murillo, Roslyn Layton and Ian MacInnes.