Two-photon polymerization (TPP) stands out in its versatility, low costs and straightforward chemistry, compared with other microfabrication techniques. TPP microfabrication is increasingly employed in a range of industries where miniaturization of complex structures is crucial, for a variety of applications, including for metamaterials, plasmonics, tissue engineering and microfluidics. This book offers a comprehensive guide to TPP microfabrication and a unified description of TPP microfabrication across disciplines. It offers in-depth discussion and analysis of all aspects of TPP including the necessary background, pros and cons of TPP microfabrication compared to other microfabrication techniques as well as practical information on material selection, equipment, processes and characterization. Current and future applications are covered and case studies provided as well as challenges for adoption of TPP microfabrication techniques in other areas are outlined. The freeform capability of TPP is illustrated with numerous scanning electron microscopy images. The new edition includes new chapters, covering metrology, synthesis and characterization of photoinitiators used in TPP, negative- and positive-tone photoresists, and nonlinear optical characterization of polymers. In addition, the existing chapters have been updated to reflect advances made since the first edition was published.

This makes for an important resource that will be useful for scientists involved in microfabrication, generation of micro- and nano-patterns and micromachining.