Acknowledgments * Introduction * THE HISTORY AND HABITATS * A Brief History of the Adirondacks * Geologic History * Human History * The Adirondack Park * Forest Communities * The Alpine Zone * Spruce-Fir Forests * Mixed Conifer-Hardwood Forests * Beech-Maple Forests * Winter Tree Survival * Adirondack Waters * Watersheds * Running Water * Still Waters * Aquatic Life * Impacts of Acid Rain * THE WILDLIFE * Common Invertebrates * Common Flies * Bees, Wasps, and Ants * Terrestrial Beetles and Bugs * Grasshoppers and Crickets * Butterflies and Moths * Aquatic Insects * Other Invertebrates * Common Fish * Bullhead and Catfish * Brown Bullhead * Suckers * Longnose Sucker * White Sucker * Minnows * Cutlips Minnow * Golden Shiner * Lake Chub * Eastern Blacknose Dace * Longnose Dace * Creek Chub * Fallfish * Pearl Dace * Brassy Minnow * Common Shiner * Bridle Shiner * Northern Redbelly Dace * Bluntnose Minnow * Flathead Minnow * Salmon, Trout, and Whitefish * Cisco * Lake Whitefish * Round Whitefish * Rainbow Trout * Atlantic Salmon * Brown Trout * Brook Trout * Lake Trout * Smelt * Rainbow Smelt * Mudminnows * Central Mudminnow * Pike and Pickerel * Northern Pike * Chain Pickerel * Killifish * Banded Killifish * Sunfish and Bass * Rock Bass * Redbreast Sunfish * Pumpkinseed * Smallmouth Bass * Largemouth Bass * Perch, Walleye, and Darters * Tessellated Darter * Yellow Perch * Walleye * Sculpins * Slimy Sculpin * Amphibians and Reptiles * Salamanders * Northern Two-lined Salamander * Red-backed Salamander * Northern Dusky Salamander * Spring Salamander * Red-spotted Newt * Spotted Salamander * Toads and Frogs * American Toad * Gray Tree Frog * Spring Peeper * Bullfrog * Green Frog * Wood Frog * Leopard Frog * Mink Frog * Pickerel Frog * Turtles * Wood Turtle * Painted Turtle * Snapping Turtle * Snakes * Red-bellied Snake * Brown Snake * Ringneck Snake * Garter Snake * Ribbon Snake * Milk Snake * Smooth Green Snake * Northern Water Snake * Timber Rattlesnake * Birds * Loons, Grebes, and Herons * Common Loon * Pied-billed Grebe * Great Blue Heron * American Bittern * Ducks and Geese * Canada Goose * Wood Duck * American Black Duck * Mallard * Ring-necked Duck * Common Merganser * Upland Game Birds * Ruffed Grouse * Spruce Grouse * Wild Turkey * Diurnal Birds of Prey * Turkey Vulture * Osprey * Bald Eagle * Sharp-shinned Hawk * Cooper''s Hawk * Northern Goshawk * Red-shouldered Hawk * Broad-winged Hawk * Red-tailed Hawk * American Kestral * Merlin * Peregrine Falcon * Owls * Great Horned Owl * Barred Owl * Northern Saw-whet Owl * Shorebirds and Gulls * Killdeer * Spotted Sandpiper * American Woodcock * Herring Gull * Doves and Cuckoos * Mourning Dove * Yellow-billed Cuckoo * Black-billed Cuckoo * Swifts and Hummingbirds * Chimney Swift * Ruby-throated Hummingbird * Kingfishers * Belted Kingfisher * Woodpeckers * Yellow-bellied Sapsucker * Downy Woodpecker * Hairy Woodpecker * Black-backed Woodpecker * Three-toed Woodpecker * Northern Flicker * Pileated Woodpecker * Flycatchers * Great Crested Flycatcher * Olive-sided Flycatcher * Yellow-bellied Flycatcher * Alder Flycatcher * Least Flycatcher * Eastern Wood-Pewee * Eastern Phoebe * Eastern Kingbird * Vireos * Blue-headed Vireo * Red-eyed Vireo * Jays, Crows, and Ravens * Gray Jay * Blue Jay * American Crow * Common Raven * Swallows * Barn Swallow * Tree Swallow * Bank Swallow * Chickadees * Black-capped Chickadee * Boreal Chickadee * Nuthatches and Creepers * White-breasted Nuthatch * Red-breasted Nuthatch * Brown Creeper * Wrens * House Wren * Winter Wren * Kinglets * Golden-crowned Kinglet * Ruby-crowned Kinglet * Thrushes and their Allies * Eastern Bluebird * Hermit Thrush * Veery * Swainson''s Thrush * Wood Thrush * American Robin * Mockingbirds and Thrashers * Gray Catbird * Brown Thrasher *Starlings and Waxwings * European Starling * Cedar Waxwing * Warblers * Nashville Warbler * Northern Parula Warbler * Yellow Warbler * Chestnut-sided Warbler * Magnolia Warbler * Black-throated Green Warbler * Black-throated Blue Warbler * Yellow-rumped Warbler * Blackburnian Warbler * Pine Warbler * Blackpoll Warbler * Black-and-white Warbler * American Redstart * Canada Warbler * Mourning Warbler * Ovenbird * Northern Waterthrush * Common Yellowthroat * Tanagers * Scarlet Tanager * Sparrows, Towhee, and Juncos * American Tree Sparrow * Chipping Sparrow * Song Sparrow * Swamp Sparrow * White-throated Sparrow * House Sparrow * Eastern Towhee * Dark-eyed Junco * Grosbeaks and Buntings * Rose-breasted Grosbeak * Evening Grosbeak * Indigo Bunting * Blackbirds and Orioles * Red-winged Blackbird * Rusty Blackbird * Common Grackle * Baltimore Oriole * Finches * Purple Finch * Pine Siskin * American Goldfinch * Mammals * Marsupials * Virginia Opossum * Shrews * Masked Shrew * Water Shrew * Short-tailed Shrew * Moles * Hairy-tailed Mole * Star-nosed Mole * Bats * Little Brown Bat * Eastern Pipistrelle * Big Brown Bat * Silver Haired Bat * Red Bat * Hoary Bat * Rabbits and Hares * Eastern Cottontail Rabbit * Snowshoe Hare * Small Rodents * Deer Mouse * White-footed Mouse * Meadow Jumping Mouse * Woodland Jumping Mouse * Southern Red-backed Vole * Meadow Vole * Rock Vole * Woodland Vole * Southern Bog Lemming * Northern Bog Lemming * Chipmunks and Squirrels * Eastern Chipmunk * Eastern Gray Squirrel * Red Squirrel * Southern Flying Squirrel * Northern Flying Squirrel * Larger Rodents * Woodchuck * Muskrat * Beaver * Porcupine * Weasels and their Allies * Short-tailed Weasel * Long-tailed Weasel * American Mink * American Marten * Fisher * River Otter * Striped Skunk * Procyonids * Raccoon * Canids * Red Fox * Gray Fox * Coyote * Felids * Bobcat * Bears * American Black Bear * Ungulates * White-tail Deer * Moose * Extirpated Carnivores * Glossary * Species Checklist * Index.