List of Abbreviations Note on Terminology Introduction Gems Matter Value The Scientific Revolution Matter and Value in the Scientific Revolution Seven New Sciences Alternative Histories of Gem Science 1. Gem Classification and Renaissance Natural History From Luxuries to Virtues Trade and the Orient Tools and Hardness Oriental Hardness Classification Without Systematics 2. Gem Appraisal and Technical Literature in the Age of Louis XIV Manuals Inventories Travel Narratives Maps Letters The Mutual Influence of the Crafts 3. Gem Collecting and Experimental Philosophy A Virtual Collection The Jewel House Strange Proofs Trials of Goodness 4. Gems and the French Origins of Experimental Physics Material-Driven Experimentation Assaying Gems Physics as Gem Collecting Electricity as a Science of Materials The Varieties of Matter 5. Precision and Preciousness in Enlightenment Mineralogy From Lapidaries to Mineralogies Color and Nuance Refraction and Structure Density and Variety Crystals and Correlation Gems and the Quantifying Spirit 6. Gems, the Crafts, and Chemical Composition Metals and Porcelain Diamond and Porcelain Drugs and Glass Gems and Metals Compositionism About What? 7. The End of Gems and the Origins of Gemology Books Collections Tests Expertise Value-Free Evaluation Conclusion A Brief History of Garnet From Materialism to Transmaterialism From Production to Evaluation Gems Beyond the Scientific Revolution Acknowledgments Appendix 1.

Diamonds Used in the Argument of Boyle's Gems Appendix 2. Gem Specimens from the Regent's Survey, 1714-1719 Appendix 3. Gems in Dufay's Experiments Appendix 4. Comparative Table of Enlightenment Gem Taxonomies Appendix 5. Refraction Data from Buffon and Rochon Bibliography Index.