Transposable Elements in Health and Disease , Volume 116 in the Advances in Genetics series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting comprehensive chapters on a variety of timely topics. Chapters examine the regulation, activation, and genomic consequences of transposable elements in human cancer, as well as their dual roles as both contributors and disruptors within the nervous system. Further sections explore how transposable elements shape mammalian genomes through regulatory and co-optive mechanisms, present methodological approaches for analyzing these elements in large-scale -omics datasets, and investigate their roles in aging, from their value as biomarkers to their potential function as effectors. Together, these contributions provide valuable insights into the mechanisms and impacts of transposable element activity, advancing our understanding of their broad significance in genetics, development, health, and disease.