Section 1: Introduction and functional anatomy 1. Historical perspective on spine biomechanics research 2. Anatomy, development and evolution of the human spine 3. General biomechanics of the spine 4. The cervical spine 5. The thoracic spine and the rib cage 6. The lumbar spine 7. Sacrum and pelvis Section 2: Biomechanics of Spinal Tissues 8.

Vertebral bone 9. Intervertebral disc 10. Vertebral endplates 11. Spinal muscles 12. Cell biomechanics and mechanobiology Section 3: Methods in Spine Biomechanics Research 13. Spinal imaging 14. Motion analysis 15. In vitro testing of cadaveric specimens 16.

Standard testing 17. Mathematical and finite element modeling 18. Musculoskeletal modeling 19. Animal models for spine biomechanics 20. Machine learning and artificial intelligence Section 4: Spinal Disorders and Spine Surgery Degenerative disorders 21. Intervertebral disc degeneration 22. Biomechanics of low back pain 23. Disc herniation 24.

Biomechanics of physical therapy and rehabilitation Spinal implants 25. Fixation and fusion 26. Motion preservation 27. Nucleus replacement and regenerative therapies Spinal deformities 28. Pediatric and adolescent scoliosis 29. Sagittal imbalance 30. Adult spine deformities 31. Neuromuscular spine disorders Trauma, osteoporosis and tumors 32.

Spinal fractures 33. Whiplash 34. Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures 35. Spine tumors 36. Biomechanics of spinal cord injuries 37. Glossary.