1. Pollination: An essential ecosystem service 2. The co-evolution of flowering plants and pollinators 3. Native bee species: Solitary, inconspicuous, and poorly studied 4. The importance of hoverflies (Syrphidae) in wild and domesticated plant pollination 5. Diurnal and seasonal cycles of insect pollinator groups 6. The plant-pollinator disconnects of global warming 7. Threats to honeybee colonies I: Viral diseases, fungal infections, Vairimorpha 8.

Threats to honeybee colonies II: Parasites: Acarapis woodi, Varroa destructor 9. Threats to honeybee colonies III: Long-distance hive transportation, Colony Collapse Disorder 10. Causes of bumble bee declines: Pesticides 11. Causes of bumblebee declines: Mismatching with floral resources 12. Causes of butterfly declines: Life cycle emergence changes 13. Causes of butterfly declines: Pesticides 14. Causes of butterfly declines: Range changes with global warming 15. Causes of bumble bee declines: Range changes with global warming 16.

Pathogen spread between bee species through contaminated flowers 17. Heat-stress physiology of cold-adapted bumble bees 18. Effect of pesticide on bumble bee reproduction 19. Bumble bee responses to climate change 20. Asian bumble bee response to climate change 21. Phyllogenetic perspective on bumblebee declines 22. Effects of habitat fragmentation on bee populations 23. Insect pollinators facing imminent extinction: Causes and needed rescue efforts 24.

Co-exposure or coinfection of insect pollinator diseases and parasites 25. Pollinator population declines and the erosion of genetic diversity.