Food Process Engineering: Thermal and Chemical Operations List of Contents 1. Heat exchange Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulation Intraphase heat transfer Temperature profile in boundary layer Forced convection Natural convection Interphase heat transfer Plug flow heat exchanger Cocurrent flow Regular temperature profiles Countercurrent flow Regular temperature profiles Alternative temperature profiles Counter- versus cocurrent flow Complex configurations 2. Thermal cooking Introduction Product and process overview Boiling Baking Roasting and grilling Ohmic heating Dielectric heating Extrusion Mathematical simulation Cooking kinetics Newman's rule Electromagnetic heating Ohmic phenomena Radiant phenomena Dieletric phenomena Boiling Baking Roasting and grilling Ohmic heating Dielectric heating Extrusion 3. Thermal separation Evaporation Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulation Specific heat capacity Chemical potential Vapor pressure Boiling point elevation Vapor reutilization Mechanical recompression Thermo-vapor recompression Operation in cascade Falling film evaporator Distillation Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulation Liquid/vapor equilibrium Raoult's law Continuous distillation Batch distillation Freeze-drying and freeze-concentration Introduction Product and process overview Freeze-drying Freeze-concentration Mathematical simulation Freeze drying Top heating Bottom heating Freeze concentration Freezing point depression Batch operation Drying/rehydration and smoking Introduction Product and process overview Drying Storage and rehydration Smoking Mathematical simulation Wet bulb temperature Psychrometric chart Tray drying Top heating Bottom heating Spray drying Frying Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulationBulk fryingPan frying 4. Chemical separation Expression and extraction Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulation Batch expression\Continuous liquid extraction Crosscurrent operation Countercurrent operation Semicontinuous liquid extraction Batch liquid extraction Chromatography Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulation Chromatographic unit Chromatographic column Optimization of performance 5. Chemical reaction Enzymatic reaction Introduction Product and process overview Mathematical simulation Kinetics of enzyme action and deactivation Single stirred unit Multiple stirred units Nonideal hydrodynamic pattern Immobilized enzyme reactor Compact bead Porous bead Parallelopipedal shape Spherical shape Film resistance Fixed bed reactor Fluidized bed reactor Microbial fermentation Introduction Product and process overview Fermented foods Fermentation equipment Mathematical simulation Batch operation Kinetics of biomass formation, substrate uptake and metabolite release Lag phase Exponential phase Stationary and death phases Batch optimization Chemostat operation Fedbatch operation Discrete feeding Continuous feeding 6. Bibliographic references and further reading.