The utilization of nanotechnology in the biodiesel production process has promise for enhancing the effectiveness of current procedures. The development of nanoparticles attracts a great deal of interest for biodiesel production because of its several advantages. The feedstock material can be altered by nanomaterials, which can also quickly separate from one another and immobilize the cellulases and hemicellulases needed for enzymatic hydrolysis. A vast range of biofuels, including biohydrogen, biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, and many more, may be produced using nanotechnology. The two main chemical processes that occur during the conversion of triglycerides into biodiesel are trans-esterification and esterification. These nano-catalysts come in the forms of nanoparticles, nanosheets, and nanotubes. This book will establish a bridge between the function of nanotechnology and its progress in the development of a more effective and sustainable algal biomass processing method to produce biodiesel.