Chapter 0 Front Matter Chapter 1 Titanium and its alloys for bone implants: properties, challenges, and current trends in surface treatment Chapter 2 Electropolishing and anodization of titanium and its alloys Chapter 3 Electrochemical oxide layers obtained on titanium alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr in medical application Chapter 4 Micro-arc oxidation of titanium and its alloys Chapter 5 Micro-arc oxidation assisted with other techniques: treatment of titanium and its alloys Chapter 6 Laser-enhanced surface structurization of titanium and its alloys Chapter 7 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite-based coatings on titanium or its alloys Chapter 8 Thermal stability of titanium/hydroxyapatite systems Chapter 9 Fabrication and characterization of chitosan-based bioactive coatings on titanium or its alloys Chapter 10 Chitosan-based bioactive composite coatings on Ti alloys by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) Chapter 11 Composite polyetheretherketone-based coatings on titanium alloys: electrophoretic deposition, heat treatment, microstructure and properties Chapter 12 Plant-derived natural compounds as antimicrobial coating materials for titanium biomaterials Chapter 13 Natural polysaccharide-based coatings with solid antibacterial particles for titanium or its alloys Chapter 14 Carbon nanotube coating technology for titanium and its alloys Chapter 15 Surface treatments for implants obtained through additive manufacturing Chapter 16 Towards high cohesion and adhesion of coatings on titanium and its alloys Chapter 17 Surface modifications of titanium alloys: how to achieve bioactivity and antibacterial surface not enhancing cytotoxicity? Chapter 18 The phenomenon of biofilm formation on titanium surfaces, its clinical implications, and the search for new strategies in the development of functionalized surfaces with antibacterial properties End Matter I List of acronyms and abbreviations End Matter II List of symbols.