This Open access book gives an overview of current research and developments on the incorporation of machine learning in official statistics. It covers methodological questions, practical aspects and cross-cutting issues. Machine learning has become an integral part of official statistics over the last decade. This is evident in its many applications in numerous countries and organisations. At the same time, the integration of machine learning into statistical production raises questions about the right mathematical and statistical methodology, the consideration of quality standards and the appropriate IT support. In its four sections, "Methodological aspects", "Legal, ethical, and quality aspects", "Technological aspects" and "Use cases and insights", the book highlights current developments, provides inspiration, outlines challenges and offers possible solutions. It is aimed at methodologists in statistical offices and comparable institutions as well as scientists who are concerned with the further development and responsible use of machine learning.