This comprehensive and subject-defining handbook draws together the work of an international group of researchers and educators to collectively recognize information literacy (IL) as a maturing soft applied discipline. Showcasing current and historical scholarly research and including contributions from the world's leading researchers and practitioners in the field of IL, this handbook provides a rich understanding of the nature of information literacy, including its traditions and significant history, shared approaches to inquiry, base of knowledge, and growing communication networks. Chapters cover: Current perspectives on the discipline of information literacy; National and international IL advocacy, research and educational development; The history of information literacy from the Medieval period to present day; Theories and methodologies used by IL researchers; Ethical concerns and information challenges faced by individuals and societies; IL models and approaches that guide IL education and research; Information literacy communication networks, conferences and publications. Authoritative and encyclopaedic in nature, this state-of-the-art handbook presents the substantial impact of recognising IL as a discipline in nurturing new research and education and is an essential read for LIS academics, teachers, administrators, practitioners and students.