About the Author xvii Preface xix Acknowledgments xxi Acronyms xxiii About the Companion Website xxix Introduction xxxi Brain, Wires, and Waves xxxv 1 Origins, Evolution, and Inspiration 1 1.1 Conceptual Foundations Before BCI 1 1.2 Scientific Milestones of the 20th Century 3 1.3 Key Historical Milestones in Acquisition and Methods 8 1.4 Summary 14 2 Cognitive Neuroscience Foundations 17 2.1 Brain Organization and Anatomy 18 2.2 The Brain in BCI: Structures and Signal Sources 21 2.3 Cognitive Functions in BCI 30 2.
4 Neural Correlates: The "HOW" of Cognitive Decoding 34 2.5 Summary 35 3 Acquisition and Stimulation Technology 37 3.1 Invasive and Noninvasive Acquisition Technologies in BCI 37 3.2 Summary 53 4 Translational Brain-Computer Interfaces: Bridging Research to Practice 55 4.1 Clinical and Neuroscientific Foundations of Translational BCI 55 4.2 Real-world Deployment of BCI Systems 57 4.3 Bridging Theory and Application in Translational BCI 59x Contents 4.4 Summary 68 5 Automated Signal Processing for Neural Interfaces 71 5.
1 From Traditional to Automated Signal Processing 71 5.2 Preprocessing and Artifact Handling 72 5.3 Feature Extraction for Neural Interfaces 78 5.4 Multimodal Signal Processing Considerations 88 5.5 Software Ecosystem for Signal Processing in Brain-Computer Interface (BCIs) 89 5.6 Relevance to Real-world BCI Applications 93 5.7 Summary 94 6 Machine Learning and Generative AI for Neural Decoding 95 6.1 ML Methods for Neural Data Analysis 95 6.
2 Applications of Generative AI in Neural Interfaces 111 6.3 From Decoding to Intelligent Interaction 116 6.4 Summary 117 7 Innovative Environment and Tools 119 7.1 Gamified Environment 120 7.2 AR, VR, and MR Environment 126 7.3 Take-home Experiments 128 7.4 Summary 134 8 Applications of Brain-Computer Interfaces 135 8.1 Medical 135 8.
2 Entertainment 140 8.3 Workplace 144 8.4 Neural Interface Applications Beyond BCIs 146 8.5 Summary 148 9 Enhancing Human Capabilities with Neural Interfaces 151 9.1 Speech and Mental Imagery in BCI 151 9.2 Neuroadaptive BCI 156 9.3 Natural BCI 158 9.4 Multimodality and Multitasking in BCI 161 9.
5 Summary 162 10 Neuroethics 163 10.1 Responsible Technology Development 163 10.2 Public and Social Perception of BCI Technology 166 10.3 Identity, Agency, and Personhood 167 10.4 Mental Privacy and Cognitive Liberty 168 10.5 Neural Data Governance 168 10.6 Commercialization and Corporate Power 169 10.7 Neuroethical Guidelines 170 10.
8 Practical Implementation 172 10.9 Examples 172 10.10 Summary 175 11 Challenges of Current Neural Interface Technology 177 11.1 Data Acquisition and Stimulation Challenge 177 11.2 Technological Challenge 180 11.3 Ethical Challenge 182 11.4 Design Challenge 183 11.5 Standardization and Interoperability Challenge 184 11.
6 Reliability, Robustness, and Real-world Deployment Challenge 185 11.7 Usability and Human Factors Challenge 186 11.8 Calibration and Training Challenge 186 11.9 Long-term Safety and Physiological Impact Challenge 186 11.10 Psychological and Cognitive Load Challenge 187Contents xv 11.11 Social Acceptance and Trust Challenge 187 11.12 Summary 188 12 Envisioning the Future of Brain-Computer Interfaces 189 12.1 The Near Future: Practical Expectations for BCIs 190 12.
2 Foundational Milestones in BCI Technology 192 12.3 Innovations Needed and Looking Ahead 195 12.4 Beyond the Horizon: The Next 50 Years of BCI 197 12.5 Summary 202 References 203 Index 217.