List of Figures and Tables Companion Website and List of Musical Examples List of Contributors Acknowledgements Preface Andy Bennett Introduction Sheila Whiteley PART 1 The Pre-Digital Virtual Introduction 1 In Seventeenth Heaven: Virtual Listening and its Discontents Christian Lloyd 2 Nothing is Real: The Beatles as Virtual Performers Philip Auslander and Ian Inglis 3 Tom, Jerry and the Virtual Virtuoso Sheila Whiteley 4 Bring that Beat Back: Sampling as Virtual Collaboration Rowan Oliver 5 An Analysis of Virtuality in the Creation and Reception of the Music of Frank Zappa Paul Carr PART 2 Vocaloids, Holograms and Virtual Pop Stars Introduction 6 Vocaloids and Japanese Virtual Vocal Performance: The Cultural Heritage and Technological Futures of Vocal Puppetry Louise H. Jackson and Mike Dines 7 Hatsune Miku and Japanese Virtual Idols Rafal Zaborowski 8 Hatsune Miku, 2.0Pac and Beyond: Rewinding and Fast-Forwarding the Virtual Pop Star Thomas Conner 9 "Feel Good" with Gorillaz and "Reject False Icons": The Fantasy Worlds of the Virtual Group and their Creators Shara Rambarran PART 3 Second Life Introduction 10 Avatar Rockstars: Constructing Musical Personae in Virtual Worlds Trevor S. Harvey 11 Performing Live in Second Life Justin Gagen and Nicholas Cook 12 Live Opera Performance in Second Life: Challenging Producers, Performers and the Audience Marco Antonio Chávez-Aguayo PART 4 Authorship, Creativity and Musicianship Introduction 13 We Are, The Colors: Collaborative Narration and the Experimental Construction of a Non-Existent Band Alon Ilsar and Charles Fairchild 14 Music in Perpetual Beta: Composition, Remediation, and ''Closure'' Paul Draper and Frank Millward 15 Justin Bieber Featuring Slipknot: Consumption as Mode of Production Ragnhild Brøvig-Hanssen 16 Human After All: Understanding Negotiations of Artistic Identity through the Music of Daft Punk Cora S. Palfy 17 Virtual Bands: Recording Music Under the Big Top David Tough PART 5 Communities and the World-Wide-Web Introduction 18 "Uploading" to Carnegie Hall: The First YouTube Symphony Orchestra Shzr Ee Tan 19 The Listener as Remixer: Mix Stems in Online Fan Community and Competition Contexts Samantha Bennett 20 Sample Sharing: Virtual Laptop Ensemble Communities Benjamin O''Brien 21 Stone Tapes: Ghost Box, Nostalgia, and Post-War England David Pattie 22 From Hypnagogia to Distroid: Postironic Musical Renderings of Personal Memory Adam Trainer 23 Bands in Virtual Spaces, Social Networking and Masculinity Danijela Bogdanovic PART 6 Sonic Environments and Musical Experience Introduction 24 From Environmental Sound To Virtual Environment Enhancing: Consuming Ambiance as Listening Practice Thomas Brett 25 App Music Jeremy Wade Morris 26 Alternative Virtuality. Independent Micro Labels Facing the Ideological Challenge of Virtual Music Culture: The Case of Finnish Ektro Records Juho Kaitajärvi-Tiekso 27 Everybody Knows There is Here: Surveying the Indexi-Local in CBC Radio 3 Michael Audette-Longo 28 Mind Usurps Program: Virtuality and the "New Machine Aesthetic" of Electronic Dance Music Benjamin Halligan PART 7 Participatory Culture and Fundraising Introduction 29 Virtual Music, Virtual Money: The Impact of Crowdfunding Models on Creativity, Authorship and Identity Mark Thorley 30 With a Little Help From My Friends, Family and Fans. DIY, Participatory Culture and Social Capital in Music Crowdfunding Francesco D''Amato 31 Music and Crowdfunded Websites: Digital Patronage and Artist-Fan Interactivity Justin Williams and Ross Wilson PART 8 Authors'' Blog: Final Thoughts on Music and Virtuality Ed. Paul Carr PART 9 Glossary Ed.
Shara Rambarran Index.