Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Introduction 1 Witnessing Sovereignty: Anton van den Wyngaerde's City Views as Habsburg Courtly Propaganda 1 The Archival Material: Their Evidentiary Problems and Indications 2 Eyewitness to History: The Habsburg Use of City Views 3 Genoa: City View as History and as Impresa 4 Cantecroy, Mechelen, and the English Palaces: Claims of Dominion 5 Brussels and Utrecht: Demonstrations of Sovereignty 6 The Italian Views: Van den Wyngaerde in the Imperial Train 7 Ancona and Lyon 8 Conclusion2 The Antwerp School of City Views 1 Fertile Foundations 2 The Catalyst: Charles V's Entry into Rome 3 Technique, Style, and Viewing Experiences 4 Coalition 5 Contemporary Recognition 6 Conclusion3 Vasari, Historiography, and the Rhetoric of City Views 1 History, Truthfulness, and Setting 2 The Tropes of Enargeia: Sieges, Ships, and City Views 3 Viewing City Towers: Vision, Cognition, and Simulacra 4 Nature or Artifice? The Mannerism of Antwerp School City Views 5 City Views as Analogy for Judgment 6 Enargeia and Eyewitnessing in Vasari's Historiographic Practice 7 Vasari's Description of City View Methodology: a Verbal Artist Figure 8 Borghini's New Historiography and the City Views 9 Conclusion4 Defining Ducal Dominion: Giovanni Stradano's City Views in the Apartment of Leo X 1 The Room of Giovanni delle Bande Nere 2 The Room of Clement VII 3 The Room of Cosimo I 4 Conclusion Coda: Heirs to Dominion 1 Heirs to Patronage Bibliography Index.