awls 7, 10, 11, 28, 32, 40, 44, 52, 58, 60, 64, 66, 74, 96, 109'bagging out' 7, 80, 86, 92, 108bagscross-body 88-93, 123envelope clutch 94-5, 124foldover 76-81upcycled tote 98-105, 123wash 82-7beeswax 7, 10-11, 40, 54, 116belt-end cutters 107bookmark, fringed 18-21, 119burnishing 7, 10-11, 40, 54, 60, 74, 116buying leather 6card holder 26-9chambers 117chrome tanning 6-7, 20, 22, 90clamping 110clutch, envelope 94-5, 124collars, zipper 100, 102corners, thinning 108creasers 109creases 7cuffs, bold 22-5, 118cuttingequipment 8, 12, 13techniques 106D-rings 8, 78, 80, 92, 114earphone holders 34-7, 120edge paint/dye 12, 13, 74, 116embossed lettering 7, 12-13, 32, 41, 74, 117fasteningsinsertion techniques 112-14press fasteners 7, 12, 32, 52, 54, 64, 66, 113rivets 7, 12, 104, 114Sam Browne studs 7, 12, 24, 36, 65-6, 74, 96, 112fringed bookmark 18-21, 119glasses case 38-41, 120gluing 10, 110grain 6, 7gussets 7, 62, 66, 121hand stitching techniques 111hide 7hole punchingprojects using 24, 32, 36, 40, 44, 52, 58-60, 64, 66, 74, 96, 104techniques 112, 109hole punching tools 10, 11, 7hole widening techniques 109hot foiling 12jackets, upcycled 98-105keyring, tassel 14-17'keys' 110, 116lacing pony (clamp) 7, 12, 28, 32, 40, 58, 64, 66, 74, 111laptop case 72-5, 122letterbox window 32, 122lobster clasps 16, 92luggage tag 30-3, 119marking tools 10, 11metal hardware 12monograms 64nappa 7needles 10, 11, 12, 112painting edges 12, 13, 74, 116parking (skiving) 7, 108passport holder 42-5pockets 58, 100, 102, 104, 123polishing 116press fasteners 7, 12, 32, 52, 54, 64, 66, 113pricking irons (stitching forks) 7, 109purseshandy 62-7, 121zipper 46-9reverse machine stitch 36, 48, 112rivets 7, 12, 104, 114rotary cutters 8, 24, 106rotary hole punchers 7, 112rounding off ends 107-8saddle soap 10, 11, 28, 116saddle stitch 44, 58, 60, 74, 111Sam Browne studs 7, 12, 24, 36, 65-6, 74, 96, 112scalpels 106, 108scoops, cutting out 52, 54, 58, 64, 66, 106scoring 7, 32, 109sewing machines 12, 13, 112stamping 64, 117strap loops 79, 80, 92straps 92, 104, 106, 119surface treatments 116tablet case 68-71tanning 5-6, 7tassels 79, 80, 119tassel keyring 14-17techniques 106-17templates, and rounding off ends 108thinning corners 108threadcontrasting 42waxed 10toolbox 8-13treatments 5-6, 7upcycled tote 98-105, 123vegetable tanning 5, 6, 7, 28walking foot 12, 13walletsmen's 56-61, 123women's 50-5, 122wash bag 82-7zipper purse 46-9, 120zippers 52, 78-80, 84, 86, 92, 100, 102collars 100, 102covering ends 115insertion technique 114-15pulls 84, 86, 92.