General editor's introduction Raymond Hickey; Introduction to Volume IV Raymond Hickey; Part I. Language Variation and Change: 1. Sociolinguistic sources of change Devyani Sharma; 2. Lifespan changes Isabelle Buchstaller and Susanne Evans-Wagner; 3. Supraregional varieties, standards and vernaculars Raymond Hickey; 4. Historical divisions and perceptual dialectology Chris Montgomery; Part II. English in England: 5. Dialects dialectology and history of English Warren Maguire; 6.

History of received pronunciation Anne Fabricius; 7. Early London English Laura Wright; 8. The recent history of London English Susan Fox; 9. English in South-West of England Susanne Wagner; 10. English in East Anglia David Britain and Robert Potter; 11. English in midlands Esther Asprey and Natalie Braber; 12. English in Merseyside Anthony Grant and Raymond Hickey; 13. English in Tyneside Adam Mearns; Part III.

English in Wales: 14. History of English in Wales Robert Penhallurick; Part IV. English in Scotland: 15. History of Scots Joanna Kopaczyk; 16. Lexicography of Scots Maggie Scott; 17. Scots and Scottish standard English Jane Stuart-Smith and Rachel Macdonald; 18. English in Orkney and Shetland Peter Sundkvist; Part V. English in Ireland: 19.

History and diffusion of Irish English Raymond Hickey; 20. Southern Irish English Raymond Hickey; 21. Northern Irish English Raymond Hickey; Part VI. English in Europe: 22. English in Channel Islands Heinrich Ramisch; 23. English in Gibraltar Christina Suárez-Gómez and Elena Seoane; 24. English in Malta Alexandra Vella and Sarah Grech; 25. English in Cyprus Sarah Buschfeld and Manuela Vida-Mannl.