The Archaeology of Ancient Colombia reveals the hidden archaeological history of Colombia's first inhabitants from the Ice Age through the middle Holocene, documenting their remarkable achievements in in colonizing and adapting to diverse environments, forest management, plant domestication, developing mortuary and social rituals;, innovating pottery and navigation; and creating enduring rock art traditions that continue to influence Indigenous communities today. This book provides the first comprehensive synthesis of Colombia's earliest human history, previously available only in fragmented publications. It delivers this through three interconnected perspectives: spatio-temporal analysis of migration routes and chronology; examination of human adaptability through subsistence strategies and landscape modification; and exploration of symbolic worldviews through archaeological evidence and ethnographic analogies. Archaeological data is balanced with interpretation, allowing readers to understand both the evidence and its significance in this pivotal region for understanding continental human expansion and cultural development This book is for students and researchers of archaeology, anthropology, and history seeking an accessible synthesis of pre-Columbian Colombia. It is also well-suited for courses on early human migration in South America, archaeological methods, environmental adaptation, and the emergence of complex societies in the Americas.