List of figures; List of tables; List of contributors; Introduction: looking for war in late antiquity Susanna Elm and Kristina Sessa; Part I. What is War?: 1. Everyday violence Susanna Elm and Kristina Sessa; 2. From urbs to ecclesia capta: reimagining urban warfare in late antiquity Kristina Sessa; 3. The 'Law of War': Augustine on the captured city (urbs capta) and sexual violence against men and women in the City of God (Book 1) Susanna Elm; 4. Wartime effects: Synesius of Cyrene and the sentiments of on kingship Ellen Muehlberger; Part II. War and Agency: 5. Monks, barbarians, and soldiers: monastic communities and armed conflict in late ancient Egypt, Palestine, and the Sinai David Brakke; 6.

Warfare, communities, and landscapes in late antique North Africa Tommaso Giuliodoro and Anna Leone; 7. 'Feasts and harlots, baths and idleness': the geography of billeted troops in late antiquity Sarah E. Bond; 8. Redemptio captivorum: the ransom of war prisoners in late antiquity Rita Lizzi Testa; 9. Elite women and war: new opportunities for agency in the fifth- and sixth-century wester empire Michele Renee Salzman; Part III. Civil War and Christian Roman Emperors: 10. 'By divine inspiration and the greatness of his mind': Augustan and Christian messaging on Constantine's triumphal arch Diliana Angelova; 11. Apocalyptic ideology during civil war: the archangel Michael and Constantine's Christian subjects Elizabeth DePalma Digeser; 12.

A martyr of civil wars: Ambrose on the death of Valentinian II Flavio Santini; Epilogue: what is an enemy made of? Catherine Michael Chin; List of abbreviations and acronyms.