Acknowledgements Abbreviations List of Figures 1 Introduction 1 Scope and Method 2 Defining Mercenaries 3 History of Scholarship2 Kushites in the Judean Military 1 Introduction 2 Historical Background for Kushite Mercenaries 3 Kushite Mercenaries in Judah 4 Kushites at Lachish 5 Kushites in Biblical Texts 6 Conclusion3 Aegean Mercenaries in Judah 1 Introduction 2 Historical Background 3 Aegean Peoples in the Bible 4 Archaeological Data 5 Conclusion4 Biblical Interactions with Foreign Soldiers in the Judean Military 1 Introduction 2 The Hebrew Root 3 and Mercenaries 4 Mercenaries under the Laws Concerning and Other Sojourners 5 Conclusion: Assimilation and Non-assimilation among Mercenaries and Foreign Soldiers5 Conclusion 1 Kushite Mercenaries in Judah 2 Aegean Mercenaries in Judah 3 Biblical Interactions with Foreign Soldiers 4 Implications of the Study Bibliography Index.