Drawing out the complex relationship between domestic, Arctic, international and transnational Inuit politics, this book sets out to recognise the politics of the Inuit and the Arctic as a much more complex element of international relations and global politics. The author examines how the Inuit polity has transcended a history of colonisation, political marginalisation and attempted assimilation to become a contemporary political actor aiming to help steer not only Arctic but also global governance. Through this narrative a second historical narrative also emerges regarding the making and practices of the Westphalian political system, a history of exploration, colonization, state building, and, eventually, indigenous political agency. The author uses these two narratives to offer a more nuanced picture of the history of Arctic politics and the political role of the Inuit as well as a case study for better understanding the expanding role and authority of non-state actors in global politics. This book will be of strong interest to students and scholars of Arctic politics, indigenous affairs, IR theory and environmental politics.