Introduction Acknowledgements Identities: Ascribed, Contested, and Situational 1. Catherine Gibson, Varieties of In-Betweenness in the Borderlands of the Baltic Provinces: A History of the Term Poluvertsy (Half-Believers) 2. Irina Paert, Negotiating Faith and Ethnicity: Conversions, Social Conflict and the Russian Orthodox Clergy in Estland Province during the 1880s-1900s 3. Jörg Hackmann, Voluntary Associations in the Baltic Region. Accelerator or Inhibitor of Inter-Ethnic Relations? 4. Tomas Balkelis, Living by the Border: Violence, Nation-Making and "National Indifference" in the Polish-Lithuanian Borderland, 1920-1939 Crisis and Governance 5. Andres Kasekamp, Konstantin Päts and Ethnic Minorities: The Political Trajectory of an Estonian Nationalist Authoritarian Leader 6. Klaus Richter, Economic Nationalism, Minority Policies, and the 1930s in Lithuania and Latvia 7.

Vladas Sirutavi.ius, Nationality in Cadre Policy in Soviet Lithuania, 1944-1953 8. Karsten Brüggemann, Doing It the "Baltic Way": Internationalism and the Soviet Roots of the Singing Revolution Legacy of Empire 9. Epp Annus, Spring Flowers and Border Guards: Estonian Narratives of the Soviet Military and Border Troops 10. Ronald Grigor Suny, Exiting Empire: Civil Wars in South Caucasia Versus Civil Peace in the Baltic Republics 11. M.rti. Kapr.

ns, Understanding Hesitancy: The Latvian Russophone Minority and Russia's Full-Scale Invasion of Ukraine Legacy of Violence 12. Darius Stali.nas, Anti-Jewish Violence in Interwar Lithuania: Pogroms Without Genocidal Elements as a Precondition of the Holocaust? 13. Stanislovas Stasiulis, New Allies - Old Foes: Ethnic Relations on the Pages of Lithuanian Press during the German Occupation, 1941-1944 14. Violeta Davoli.t., The Habitus of Holocaust Reckoning during the Thaw in Soviet Lithuania State of the Field and Pointing the Way Forward 15. Toivo U.

Raun, Ethnic Relations in the Baltic Region: Complexity and Coexistence 16. Vello Pettai, Scholarly Research on Ethnic Relations in Estonia and Latvia: A Retrospective Overview Contributors.