Acknowledgments . 7 Introduction . 11 Liberal Elites . 15 Hygiene . 17 Urban Space and Imaginaries . 21 Critical History of Elites through Urban Space . 22 Critical Junctures of Globalization: Park, Tenement, Slaughterhouse . 24 Slaughterhouse: The saladeros and the Discussion on Industry .

29 Hygiene and Medicine: Disease and Industrial Pollution . 31 Saladeros between City and Country, Civilization and Barbarism . 47 The saladeros and the Question of Industrial Modernity . 68 Slaughterhouse: Conclusions . 88 Tenement: The conventillos and the Question of Housing . 91 The Invention of the conventillo: Hygiene between Private and Public 94 Visualizing the City: Conventillos, Panoramas, and Urban Desires of Orderliness . 107 City of Neighborhoods, City as Totality: Concurring Imaginaries . 120 The Social Boundaries of the City: Philanthropy and the Elites .

140 Tenement: Conclusions . 162 6 Contents Park: Palermo, Elite Utopia for Buenos Aires . 165 The Park of Palermo: The City, the Nation, and the World . 166 Palermo, a Healing Democratic Spectacle . 193 Park: Conclusions . 209 Conclusions . 211 Figures . 219 Bibliography .

221 Main Archives and Libraries Consulted . 221 Main Newspapers, Journals, and Periodicals Consulted . 221 Primary Literature . 222 Secundary Literature . 228.