An interdisciplinary volume exploring the intersection of neuroscience and philosophy as applied to morality, agency, mental imagery, consciousness, and representation. Neuroscience and Philosophy II , edited by Felipe De Brigard and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, continues the interdisciplinary mission of its predecessor by bringing together new work from alumni of the Summer Seminars in Neuroscience and Philosophy at Duke University. This volume uniquely captures the rapidly growing dialogue between philosophy and neuroscience, offering both innovative content and a collaborative model of interdisciplinary research. Written as a key resource for scholars, students, and professionals, Neuroscience and Philosophy II showcases the next generation of neurophilosophers and their innovative approaches to understanding the deep connections between mind, brain, and behavior. The book features 11 original chapters organized around four major themes: morality; agency and the self; mental imagery and perspective-taking; and foundational concepts in consciousness and representation. Each chapter is coauthored by philosophers and neuroscientists working together to address questions at the intersection of empirical science and philosophical theory. By combining empirical rigor with conceptual clarity, the book addresses both classic and emerging problems--including gendered moral judgment, split-brain agency, aphantasia, and the structure of neural representations.