Contributors xvi Preface xix Acknowledgements xx About the Companion Website xxi Topics Adenoviruses 1 Adrenal Gland Diseases 4 Aggression see Problem Behaviors: Aggression, Biting and Screaming (374) Air Sac Mites 8 Air Sac Rupture 10 Airborne toxicosis see Toxicosis (Airborne) (434) Algal Biotoxins 13 Amyloidosis 15 Anemia 17 Angel Wing 20 Angular Limb Deformity (Splay Leg) 22 Anorexia 24 Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis see Toxicosis (Anticoagulant Rodenticides) (436) Arboviruses see Eastern and Western Equine Encephalitis Viruses; Usutu Virus; (145) West Nile Virus (478) Arthritis see Joint Diseases (241) Ascites 27 Aspergillosis 30 Aspiration Pneumonia 33 Atherosclerosis 36 Atoxoplasmosis see Coccidiosis (Systemic) (104) Avian Influenza 40 Avian Vacuolar Myelinopathy 43 Avocado poisoning see Toxins (Ingested, Gastrointestinal) (448) Avulaviruses see Othoavulaviruses (323) Baylisascaris see Neural Larva Migrans (300) Beak Injuries 45 Beak Malocclusion (Lateral Beak Deformity) 48 Beak Malocclusion (Mandibular Prognathism) 51 Behavior see Problem Behaviors: Aggression, Biting and Screaming (374) Bite wounds see Wounds (Including Bite Wounds, Predator Attacks) (481) Bordetellosis 53 Bornaviral Disease (Aquatic Birds) 56 Bornaviral Disease (Psittaciformes) 58 Botulism 62 Brachial Plexus Injury 64 Brain tumors see Neoplasia (Neurological) (305) Bumblefoot see Pododermatitis (358) Bursa of Fabricius Diseases 66 Campylobacteriosis 70 Candidiasis 72 Capture Myopathy (Exertional Rhabdomyolysis) 74 Cardiac disease see Congestive Heart Failure, Myocardial Diseases (114) Carbamate toxicity see Toxicosis (Environmental, Pesticides) (439) Central nervous system tumors see Neoplasia (Neurological) (290) Cere and Skin Color Changes 77 Cervicocephalic diverticulum rupture see Air Sac Rupture (10) Chlamydiosis 79 Cholera see Pasteurellosis (345) Chronic Egg Laying 82 Circovirus (Psittacines) 85 Circoviruses (Non- Psittacine Birds) 87 Cloacal bursa diseases see Bursa of Fabricius Diseases (66) Cloacal Diseases 89 Cloacal Prolapse 92 Clostridiosis 95 Coagulopathies and Coagulation 98 Coccidiosis (Intestinal) 101 Coccidiosis (Systemic) 104 Coelomic Distension 107 Colibacillosis 111 Congestive Heart Failure 114 Conjunctivitis see Ocular Lesions (313) Constricted toe see Toe and Nails (Diseases of) (426) Coxiellosis 116 Crop Burn 118 Crop stasis see Ileus (Functional Gastrointestinal, Crop Stasis) (233) Cryptococcosis 120 Cryptosporidiosis 122 Degenerative joint disease see Joint Diseases (241) Dehydration [see also Hypotension] 125 Dermatitis 127 Diabetes Insipidus 130 Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperglycemia 132 Diarrhea 134 Discospondylitis 136 Dyslipidemia/Hyperlipidemia 139 Dyspnea see Respiratory Distress (386) Dystocia and Egg Binding 142 Eastern and Western Equine Encephalitis Viruses (EEV/WEEV) 145 Ectoparasites (Mites) 148 Ectoparasites (Ticks, Lice, Dipterans) 151 Egg Abnormalities 154 Egg binding see Dystocia and Egg Binding (142) Egg Yolk and Reproductive Coelomitis 158 Electrocution 160 Emaciation 162 Embryonic death/hatching failure see Egg Abnormalities (154) Endoparasites see Helminthiasis; Coccidiosis; Neural Larva Migrans (300) Enteritis and Gastritis 165 Enterococcal spondylitis see Discospondylitis (136) Exertional rhabdomyolysis see Capture Myopathy (74) Feather Cyst 168 Feather- Damaging and Self- Injurious Behavior 170 Feather Disorders 174 Flagellate Enteritis [see also Trichomoniasis] 177 Foreign Bodies (Gastrointestinal) 180 Foreign Bodies (respiratory) see Tracheal Diseases (457) Fractures 183 Frostbite see Hypothermia (231) Gastrointestinal foreign bodies see Foreign Bodies (Gastrointestinal) (180) Gastritis see Enteritis and Gastritis (165) Giardiasis see Flagellate Enteritis (177) Goiter see Thyroid Diseases (424) Gout see Renal Disease and Hyperuricemia (380) Head trauma see Neurologic Trauma (305) Heart failure see Congestive Heart Failure (114) Heat Stroke 186 Heavy metal toxicity see Toxicosis (Heavy Metals) (443) Helminthiasis (Body Cavity and Cardiovascular) 188 Helminthiasis (Gastrointestinal) 190 Helminthiasis (Neurological) see Neural Larva Migrans (300) Helminthiasis (Respiratory) 193 Hemochromatosis see Iron Storage Disease (239) Hemoparasites 196 Hemorrhage 199 Hepatic Lipidosis 203 Hepatitis see Liver Disease (250) Hernia/Pseudohernia 206 Herpesvirus (chicken) see Marek''s Disease; (261) Respiratory Infections of Backyard Chickens (389) Herpesvirus (Columbid Herpesvirus 1 in Pigeons and Raptors) 208 Herpesvirus (Duck Viral Enteritis) 210 Herpesvirus (Passerine Birds) 213 Herpesvirus (Psittacid Herpesviruses) 215 Histomoniasis 218 Horner Syndrome 220 Hypercholesterolemia see Dyslipidemia (139) Hyperglycemia see Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperglycemia (132) Hyperlipidemia see Dyslipidemia/Hyperlipidemia (139) Hyperparathyroidism see Metabolic Bone Disease (263) Hyperthermia see Heat Stroke (186) Hyperuricemia 222 Hypocalcemia (and Hypomagnesemia) 225 Hypotension and Hypovolemia 228 Hypothermia 231 Hypothyroidism see Thyroid Diseases (424) Hypovitaminosis A see Nutritional Imbalances (308) Ileus (Functional Gastrointestinal, Crop Stasis) 233 Infectious bronchitis see Respiratory Infections of Backyard Chickens (389) Infectious laryngotracheitis see Respiratory Infections of Backyard Chickens (389) Infertility 236 Ingested toxicosis see Toxicosis (Ingested) (448) Ingluvial hypomotility see Ileus (Functional Gastrointestinal, Crop Stasis) (233) Iron Storage Disease 239 Joint Diseases 241 Knemidocoptic mites see Ectoparasites (Mites) (148) Lameness 243 Lead see Toxicosis (Heavy Metals) (443) Leukemia see Neoplasia (284) Leukocytosis 247 Leukosis virus (avian) see Retroviruses in Galliformes (393) Lice see Ectoparasites (Ticks, Lice, Dipterans) (151) Lipoma see Neoplasia (Integument) (284) Liver Disease 250 Lung Diseases [see also Pneumonia; Toxicosis (Airborne and Respiratory Distress)] 253 Luxations 256 Lymphosarcoma see Neoplasia (Lymphoproliferative) (286) Macrorhabdus Ornithogaster 259 Malaria see Hemoparasites (196) Malnutrition see Emaciation (162) Mandibular prognathism see Beak Malocclusion (Mandibular Prognathism) (51) Marek''s Disease 261 Metabolic Bone Disease 263 Microsporidiosis/Encephalitozoon 266 Mites see Ectoparasites (Mites) (148) Mycobacteriosis 268 Mycoplasmosis 271 Mycotoxicosis 274 Myiasis 277 Myocardial Diseases 279 Nails (diseases of) see Toes and Nails (Diseases of) (426) Neoplasia (Gastrointestinal and Hepatic) 282 Neoplasia (Integument) 284 Neoplasia (Lymphoproliferative) 286 Neoplasia (Neurologic) 290 Neoplasia (Renal) 293 Neoplasia (Reproductive) 295 Neoplasia (Respiratory) 298 Neural Larva Migrans 300 Neurologic (Non- Traumatic Diseases) 302 Neurologic (Trauma) 305 Newcastle disease see Orthoavulaviruses (323) Nutritional Imbalances [see also Hypovitaminosis A] 308 Obesity 311 Ocular Lesions 313 Oil Exposure 316 Oral Plaques 320 Organophosphate toxicity see Toxicosis (Environmental, Pesticides) (439) Orthoavulaviruses 323 Osteomyelosclerosis see Polyostotic Hyperostosis (367) Otitis 327 Ovarian Diseases 330 Overgrown beak see Beak Malocclusion (48) Oviductal Diseases 334 Pacheco''s disease see Herpesviruses (Psittacids) (215) Pain 337 Pancreatic Diseases 340 Papillomatosis (Cutaneous) 343 Papillomatosis, internal see Herpesvirus (208) Paramyxoviruses see Orthoavulaviruses (323) Parasites (external) see Ectoparasites (148) Parasites (internal) see Helminthiasis; Coccidiosis; Neural Larva Migrans (300) Pasteurellosis 345 Patagium Diseases 347 Perosis/Slipped Tendon 349 Phallus Prolapse 351 Pituitary tumors see Neoplasia (Neurological) (290) Plant toxins see Toxicosis (Ingested, Gastrointestinal) (448) Pneumonia 354 Pododermatitis 358 Polydipsia 362 Polyfolliculitis see Dermatitis (127) Polyomavirus 365 Polyostotic Hyperostosis 367 Polyuria 369 Poxvirus 371 Predator attack see Wounds (Including Bite Wounds, Predator Attacks) (481) Problem Behaviors: Aggression, Biting and Screaming 374 Prolapses (see Cloacal Prolapse) (92) Proventricular Dilatation Disease (see Bornaviral Diseases) (56) Proventricular diseases (see Enteritis and Gastritis) (165) Psittacine beak and feather disease (see Circoviruses) (85) PTFE toxicosis see Toxicosis (Environmental/Pesticides) (439) Regurgitation and Vomiting 378 Renal Diseases 380 Reovirus 384 Respiratory Distress 386.