"This book is an introduction to archaeoastronomy by covering basic knowledge in mathematics, physics, and astronomy to candidates for courses in archaeology, archaeology, ethnoastronomy, and related areas of knowledge, regardless of the candidates level of training and formation. The first volume is devoted to mathematics, while the second volume covers the other main topics: physics, astronomy, and archaeoastronomy. The study and analysis of traces left by ancient cultures, such as buildings ruins, calendars, paintings, and many other elements that make up archaeological studies, in combination with fragments of writing and traditional and mythological oral elements preserved by official memorizers, play a vital role in the historical exploration of the multifaceted mosaic of the most distinct human civilizations. Archaeoastronomy, commonly referred to as the {\it science of stars, stones, ancient monuments, and the heavens}, is an area of knowledge of an interdisciplinary nature, placed at the border between the humanities, especially archaeology, anthropology, ethnology, ethnoastronomy, social sciences, and modern cognition, and the scientific approach to cultural heritage, which demands basic knowledge on astronomy, mathematics, physics, architecture, among others"-- Provided by publisher.