Acknowledgments List of Illustrations List of Abbreviations List of Contributors Introduction: Visualizing Sensuous Suffering and Affective Pain in Early Modern Europe and the Spanish Americas Heather Graham and Lauren G. Kilroy-Ewbank Part 1 Performing Pain 1 Pain and Paint: Titian, Ribera, and the Flaying of Marsyas Itay Sapir 2 Animal Trials, Humiliation Rituals, and the Sensuous Suffering of Criminal Offenders in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe Allie Terry-Fritsch 3 Compassionate Suffering: Somatic Selfhood and Gendered Affect in Italian Lamentation Imagery Heather Graham 4 "One of those Lutherans we used to burn in Campo de' Fiori": Engraving Sublimated Suffering in Counter-Reformation Rome Ruth S. Noyes Part 2 Pain and Suffering in Franciscan Devotion 5 Pain and Pathos: Franciscan Ideologies and Antonello da Messina's Images of Ecce Homo Peter Weller 6 An Andean Stoning: Francis as Alter Christus in Viceregal Santiago Catherine Burdick 7 Hagiographical Misery and the Liminal Witness: Novohispanic Franciscan Martyr Portraits and the Politics of Imperial Expansion Emmanuel Ortega Part 3 Sensuous Suffering Through Word and Image 8 "Eyes Enlivened and Heart Softened": The Visual Rhetoric of Suffering in Gebedenboek Ruusbroecgenootschap HS 452 Walter S. Melion 9 Love Hurts: Depictions of Christ Wounded in Love in Colonial Mexican Convents Lauren G. Kilroy-Ewbank 10 Reparations for Christ Our Lord: Devotional Literature, Penitential Rituals, and Sacred Imagery in Colonial Mexico City Derek Scott Burdette 11 Empathetic Wounds: Gregorio Fernández's Cristos Yacentes as a Nexus of Art, Anatomy, and Counter-Reformation Theology Tiffany Lynn Hunt Index.