This book provides an introduction to concepts in evolutionary theory, such as competition, variability, and adaptation, and how they can be applied to find solutions for real-world management problems. Although the book discusses theories in economics and biology, it is written in an accessible style for practitioners working in business and management. Topics covered include: core economic assumptions, the role of dialectics in building dynamic economic models, the history of evolutionary thought, the evolution of markets, and how resilient economies mirror biological ecosystems. The final chapter discusses the limitations of neoclassical economic models to account for real-world complexity. The book distinguishes itself from similar books in the market due to its brevity and its focus on usability, where others are theoretical but lack clear descriptions of applications.