Abdallah M. Elshaer, PhD , is an Associate Professor of Tourism and Hotels at the University of Sadat City, Egypt, where he has been a faculty member since 2011. Dr. Elshaer is a co-author of the book Labor in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry and has published many papers in international journals. He teaches courses on hotel management, hospitality marketing, hygiene and safety in restaurants, human resources management, principles of statistics, and resort management. He holds a PhD in Tourism and Hospitality from Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Tech University, USA, and University of Sadat City, Egypt. He traveled to the UK for a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Plymouth to work on a project about perceived value in an international learning environment. Asmaa M.

Marzouk, PhD , has been an Associate Professor in the Tourism Studies Department at the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, University of Sadat City, Egypt, since 2011. She has taught a wide range of courses on the basics of tourism and hotels, tourism management, information and communication technologies in tourism, travel agencies, and tourism marketing. Her research interests concentrate on higher tourism education, information and communication technologies in tourism, labor issues, tourism management, and destination marketing. With Dr. Elshaer, she co-authored the book Labor in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry and has also published a number of papers in international journals.